Introduction
The average human takes between 3,000 and 5,000 steps per day. Not to mention, many of us are involved in activities, such as running and aerobic exercise, that add many more steps, as well as stress to our poor, overworked feet. Is it any wonder then why a large number of people have aches and pains in their feet? Factors such as flat feet or over-pronated feet, individual walking and running style, and the type of shoe a person wears can determine if someone will experience foot and ankle pain. In addition these factors can also affect the health of a person’s back, knees and legs. Listed below are some of the most common conditions that affect the feet and ankle.
Hallux Valgus and Bunions
Hallux Valgus, a slow-developing condition, is noticeable when the big toe or hallux angles off towards the outside of the foot, in many cases nearly overlapping or bumping into the adjacent toe. Moreover, a bump, called a bunion, frequently develops on the inside of the big toe. The pain associated with Hallux Valgus is normally felt during weight-bearing activities such as walking or prolonged standing.But, if someone has developed a bunion, the pain can be felt at rest and is often described as a “numbing” or “burning” sensation in the big toes.
The joint between the big toe and the first metatarsal (the first metatarsal-phalangeal) is the genuine problem, and not the bone, itself. It is the damage to this joint that creates the pain and deformity associated with Hallux Valgus. Over-pronation that produces aberrant pressure on the big toe and first metatarsal during walking causes the prolonged wear and tear that often results in Hallux Valgus. Inflammatory arthritis that harms the joint and causes degenerative changes is an additional cause. But, one of the most prevalent causes of the problem is the high-heeled and pointed shoes that women often wear. These shoes not only put extra stress on the joint, but also help in pushing the big toe to the outside.
If you are experiencing Hallux Valgus, your chiropractor can examine your foot to determine which factors are contributing to your condition, and then use a range of chiropractic techniques and modalities to decrease pain and improve the function of your foot.
Plantar Fascitis ( Heel Pain )
Heel pain, known as Plantar Fascitis, is a common foot ailment produced by inflammation of the plantar fascia. The plantar fascia is a band of connective tissue that encases the muscles on the bottom of the foot . It attaches the heel bone to the ball of the foot, supporting the arch, protecting the foot, and absorbing shock.
A frequent compaint by sufferers with Plantar Fascitis is pain when putting weight on their feet in the morning, as well as pain upon standing after prolonged sitting. The pain starts just in front of the heel bone, but can spread over the entire bottom of the foot.
If left untreated, aggravation associated with the problem can lead to the development of scar tissue, calcium deposits and sooner or later heel spurs. Heel spurs, a bony growth on the front part of the calcaneus of the heel bone where the plantar fascia attaches, can cause a sharp stabbing pain with walking.
Those with other foot conditions, especially Pes Planus (flat feet) and/or over-pronation, are most susceptible to Plantar Fascitis, although other factors often contribute as well. Muscle imbalances between the calf muscles and the muscles on the bottom of the foot are an important contributing factor. When the calf muscles are short and tight they exert an forceful pull on the back of the cancaneus. Such a condition produces unnatural stress on the smaller, weaker plantar muscles and its fascia that are connected to the other side of the calcaneus. In addition to running and jumping activities, wearing high heels can also create a shortening and tightening of the calf muscles. Sudden strenuous activity after a period of prolonged inactivity, atypical walking patterns (such as over-pronation), improper footwear, walking on hard or uneven surfaces (especially barefooted), and obesity all stress the plantar fascia.
Nurses, teachers, and waiters who are required to be continuously on their feet, and those whose activities include aerobic, volleyball, running, basketball, and tennis are more inclined towards getting Plantar Fascitis.
Once an individual develops plantar fascitis, it is often difficult to manage and can become painfully persistent. Chiropractors are well-trained in not only determining the cause of your pain, but in recommending appropriate therapy, such as joint manipulation, muscle stretching and strengthening exercises, special taping, ultrasound therapy and, in some cases, orthotics.
Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles Tendonitis is a painful, and often, debilitating inflammation of the Achilles tendon, also called the “heel cord.” This large tendon is a continuance of the two biggest calf muscles and runs down the back of the lower leg adhering to the heel bone or calcaneus. Harm to this significant tendon can make it hard or even impossible to walk. The condition may be created by a sudden single incident, such as jumping, but more frequently it results from an accumulation of smaller stresses that produce small tears in the tendon over time. Because the symptoms appear gradually, in the beginning many Achilles Tendonitis sufferers may associate the initial annoyance to the aches and pains that accompany age or fatigue. But, the problem will gradually worsen, especially if the person tries to “work through” the pain. In severe cases, a total rupture of the tendon can arise, resulting in traumatic damage and severe pain that makes walking virtually impossible and may even require corrective surgery.
Achilles tendonitis is many times associated with athletes and performers, such as dancers, who participate in running and jumping activities, especially those that involve sudden starts and stops. Also at risk are women who typically wear high-heeled shoes then switch to sport shoes for exercise because the tendon and muscles have gradually conformed to the shortened position produced by wearing high-heels. When this happens, the change to exercise or flat shoes forces the Achilles tendon to stretch further than it is adapted to, thus creating stress and inflammation. This is why, high-heels should not be worn everyday. If they are required, stretching should be done every morning and night to keep the Achilles tendon lengthened.
As mentioned above, Achilles tendonitis is often age-related, especially in men who are athletes. As a person ages, the arch tends to flatten producing over-pronation and increased stress on the Achilles tendon, as well as the calf and foot muscles. Achilles tendon problems are also prevalent in those who exercise infrequently, such as the “weekend warrior” and in those who are just novices at exercise. In both cases, muscles and tendons have little flexility due to inactivity. Therefore, people who are just beginning to exercise after a long layoff should stretch properly, start slowly, and increase gradually.
Regardless of the cause of the problem, if an individual is experiencing the symptoms of Achilles tendonitis, he or she should consult a qualified professional, such as a chiropractor, to provide care for the problem before it becomes severe. Your chiropractor has many years of experience in treating Achilles tendonitis.
Pes Planus ( Flat Feet )
It is estimated that nearly one quarter of people have Pes Planus, more commonly known as flat feet. Every baby has flat feet, but somewhere between the ages 3-10 we develop an arch. However, some adults never develop an arch. There are a number of factors, besides genetic disposion that can cause flat feet, or predispose a person to the problem. A person’s job, level of activity, and lifestyle can create a previously-developed arch to collapse later in life. Age and weight also are a factor in the development of the condition. Middle-aged individuals who have been working on their feet for years often experience flat feet, as do overweight individuals who are placing added stress on their feet and legs.
Some individuals have flat feet and never feel any annoyance, while others experience pain in the feet and knees, and infrequently in the hips and lower back as well. If you feel you have flat feet and are experiencing discomfort, you ought to see your Orlando chiropractor to determine a plan of management that can lessen your pain and prevent additional symptoms from developing. Chiropractic care includes joint adjustments to correct foot function and resolve painful symptoms. Your chiropractor may also prescribe arch-supporting insoles, called orthotics, for additional support and stability.
Metatarsalgia ( Pain in the ball of the foot )
Metatarsalgia is sometimes called “ball-of-foot pain,” as it is a pain on the sole of the foot just behind the toes where the foot bends during walking. The metatarsal bones extend from halfway up the foot to the toes. A irregularity in one or more of these five bones is the cause of pain.
The feeling of pain can be limited to where the metatarsal bones join the toe bones or it can extend along the entire length of the metatarsals, and possibly between them. Problems vary from stiffness upon movement to a burning or stinging sensation. The degree of discomfort depends upon whether the condition is due to a dysfunction in the joints or an inflammation to the nerves as they travel along the metatarsals.
The cause of the distress is due to either structural or functional reasons. When a structural problem occurs, such as when the metacarpal bones are either too long or too short, it causes abnormal mechanics in the feet and undue stress on the entire area. Flat feet or excessive arch can also alter the stresses on the metatarsals causing similar symptoms.
Excess body weight, as well as wearing high-heeled shoes, are both ancillary factors as they increase stress on the metatarsal that can lead to joint pain and nerve inflammation. In addition, excessive or poor running or athletic training can affect the condition because repetitive foot activities directly stress the metatarsals by exposing them to constant trauma.
No matter the cause, a chiropractor can effectively care for metatarsalgia. After analysing what factors are underlying your condition, your chiropractor can offer a variety of non-invasive therapies, including orthotics, as well as offer recommendations on how you can avoid future pain.
See your Orlando chiropractor as soon as possible if you are experiencing any of the foot problems mentioned above.
Technorati Tags: achillies tendonitis, bunions, chiropractic care, flat foot, foot pain, orlando chiropractor, plantar fascitis